観測装置・宇宙ミッション
望遠鏡、検出器、観測所、ミッションのマスターデータ。
装置・観測所
肉眼天文学
Human vision and geometric alignments were the first astronomical instruments.
positional instrument · ancient渾天儀
A geometric model for celestial coordinates and motions.
telescope · 1608屈折望遠鏡
Lens-based telescope that opened telescopic astronomy.
telescope · 1668反射望遠鏡
Mirror-based telescope scalable to large apertures.
detector · 19th century天文分光器
Disperses light to reveal composition, temperature and velocity.
interferometer · 20th century電波干渉計
Combines antennas to synthesize a much larger aperture.
space telescope · 1990ハッブル宇宙望遠鏡
Flagship UV/optical/near-IR observatory above Earth atmosphere.
astrometry mission · 2014ガイア
ESA astrometry mission whose science observations ended on 15 January 2025 after mapping positions and motions of billions of stars.
space telescope · 2022ジェイムズ・ウェッブ宇宙望遠鏡
Infrared observatory for early galaxies, star formation and exoplanet atmospheres.
radio interferometer · 2011アルマ望遠鏡
Millimeter/submillimeter array studying cold gas, dust and planet formation.
gravitational-wave detector · 2002/2015 advancedライゴ
Laser interferometers that enabled direct gravitational-wave astronomy.
neutrino detector · 2010アイスキューブ・ニュートリノ観測所
Cubic-kilometer neutrino detector embedded in Antarctic ice.
VLBI network · 2017 campaign事象の地平線望遠鏡
Earth-sized VLBI array imaging black-hole photon-ring scales.
survey telescope · 2020sベラ・C・ルービン天文台
Wide-field time-domain survey facility for the dynamic optical sky.
宇宙ミッション
ボイジャー1号・2号
Grand-tour probes of the giant planets and heliosphere.
NASA/ESA/ASI · 1997–2017カッシーニ・ホイヘンス
Saturn system orbiter and Titan lander.
NASA · 2009–2018ケプラー
Transit survey that transformed exoplanet demographics.
NASA · 2018–presentTESS
All-sky transit survey for nearby exoplanets.
ESA · 2009–2013プランク
Precision mapping of CMB temperature and polarization.
NASA · 2006–presentニュー・ホライズンズ
Pluto and Kuiper-belt exploration.
NASA · 2018–presentパーカー・ソーラー・プローブ
In-situ exploration of the solar corona and inner heliosphere.
ESA · 2023–presentユークリッド
Wide-field survey mission for dark energy, lensing and galaxy evolution.